Vol. 30, issue 06, article # 6

Abstract:

The air composition of Moscow is studied for the conditions of joint smoke screening by near forest fires in Moscow region and far forest fires in October 2014. According to ecological monitoring data the ratio of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide mass concentrations attained 0.35 in “fresh” smokes of near fires and reduced to 0.025 in “old” smokes of far fires. The ratio of nitrogen oxide mass concentration to the sum of nitrogen oxide and dioxide concentrations attained 0.87 in “fresh” smokes and reduced to zero in “old” smokes. It is shown that statistical parameters and empirical probability distributions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in smoky atmosphere of Moscow in October 2014 are distinguished radically from the corresponding characteristics in clear atmosphere and during smoke screenings of 2002 and 2014. Two-segment approximations by exponential functions for carbon monoxide concentration empirical distribution and by power functions for nitrogen monoxide concentration empirical distribution are used. The carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides concentrations strongly spectrally correlated in a wide range of frequencies in smoky air of Moscow in October 2014. This indicates simultaneous generation of the above impurities during forest fires. The spectral correlation coefficient of nitrogen dioxide and ozone varied from +1 to –1 on different time scales, which witnesses complex relationships between ozone and nitrogen oxides in smoky atmosphere.

Keywords:

gas composition of smoky atmosphere, combined effect of near and far forest fires, synchronous bursts of concentrations, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, statistical characteristics, empirical function distributions, exponential and power approxim

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